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癌症相关血栓及其它: 生物标志物、治疗和癌症与止血的相互作用 2024-04-22


Issue 03

April 2024


Cancer-Associated Thrombosis and Beyond: Biomarkers, Treatments and Cancer-Hemostasis Interactions

Julie Brogaard Larsen, MD, PhD

Tua Gyldenholm, MD


众所周知,血栓栓塞性疾病是癌症的常见并发症,总体而言,静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)仍然是继恶性肿瘤本身之后癌症患者的第二大常见死因。 除了直接导致癌症相关死亡率外,癌症相关血栓(CAT)还可能导致抗癌治疗的延迟或中断。 经历癌症相关 VTE 的患者将接受抗凝治疗,通常是长期治疗,这会导致出血事件数量增加,并且在手术或抗肿瘤药物治疗方面可能具有挑战性。 最后,癌症患者报告 CAT 的发生对他们的生活质量有显着的负面影响。

过去20年,国际科学界对CAT的关注日益增加,并做出了大量研究工作来阐明CAT背后的机制、识别新的CAT生物标志物、建立可靠的CAT风险评估模型以及开发改进的治疗方式。 传统上,CAT 几乎是癌症相关 VTE 的代名词,但现在人们认识到癌症患者动脉血栓形成的风险也增加。除了二次止血之外,血小板作为动脉和静脉 CAT 的贡献者而受到关注。 相反,止血系统作为肿瘤微环境的贡献者和癌症生长和转移的促进者的概念现已确立,这引发了关于抗血小板或抗凝剂改善癌症预后的潜力的问题。 从 2008 年的 Khorana 评分开始,已经发布了几种不同的 CAT 风险评估模型,并正在研究和临床工作中使用,尽管不同住院和门诊环境中风险分层和血栓预防的最佳策略仍有待确定。直接口服抗凝剂 (DOAC),特别是 Xa 因子抑制剂,用于治疗癌症相关 VTE 的批准是向前迈出的一大步,因为它们为许多癌症患者提供了一种有效且安全的口服替代品,可替代肠外低分子量肝素。 然而,它们与某些癌症类型的较高出血风险相关,并且对与抗肿瘤药物相互作用的担忧限制了它们在癌症患者中的使用。

本期Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis旨在探讨这一领域目前存在的一些不确定因素。



Preface

Gyldenholm, Tua; Larsen, Julie Brogaard:

Cancer-Associated Thrombosis and Beyond: Biomarkers, Treatments, and Cancer-Hemostasis Interactions

Review Article

Betts, Marissa B.; Liu, Xuejun; Junqueira, Daniela R.; Fahrbach, Kyle; Neupane, Binod; Ronnebaum, Sarah; Dhamane, Amol D.:

Risk of Venous Thromboembolism by Cancer Type: A Network Meta-Analysis

Costamagna, Gianluca; Navi, Babak B.; Beyeler, Morin; Hottinger, Andreas F.; Alberio, Lorenzo; Michel, Patrik:

Ischemic Stroke in Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Implications for Treatment

Malte, Anne Lind; Højbjerg, Johanne Andersen; Larsen, Julie Brogaard:

Platelet Parameters as Biomarkers for Thrombosis Risk in Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Gyldenholm, Tua; Hvas, Anne-Mette; Christensen, Thomas Decker; Larsen, Julie Brogaard:

Thrombin Generation Markers as Predictors of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review

Ząbczyk, Michał; Undas, Anetta:

Fibrin Clot Properties in Cancer: Impact on Cancer-Associated Thrombosis

Pamulapati, Saagar; Conroy, Meghan; Madireddy, Sathwik; Kamaraju, Sailaja; Cortina, Chandler; Moore, Hunter; Hartmann, Jan:

Applications of Viscoelastic Testing in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review Focusing on Hypercoagulability and Free Flap Thrombosis

Elsherif, Salah; Zidan, Ali; Saville, Olivia; Othman, Maha:

ABO Blood Group and the Risk of Thrombosis in Cancer Patients: A Mini-Review

Willems, Ruth Anne Laura; Biesmans, Charlotte; Campello, Elena; Simioni, Paolo; de Laat, Bas; de Vos-Geelen, Judith; Roest, Mark; ten Cate, Hugo:

Cellular Components Contributing to the Development of Venous Thrombosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer

Wojtukiewicz, Marek Z.; Tesarova, Petra; Karetová, Debora; Windyga, Jerzy:

In Search of the Perfect Thrombosis and Bleeding-Associated Cancer Scale

Roweth, Harvey G.:

Platelet Contributions to the (Pre)metastatic Tumor Microenvironment

Aleksandrowicz, Karolina; Hempel, Dominika; Polityńska, Barbara; Wojtukiewicz, Anna M.; Honn, Kenneth V.; Tang, Dean G.; Wojtukiewicz, Marek Z.:

The Complex Role of Thrombin in Cancer and Metastasis: Focus on Interactions with the Immune System

Lundbech, Mikkel; Damsbo, Matilde; Krag, Andreas Engel; Hvas, Anne-Mette:

Changes in Coagulation in Cancer Patients Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Treatment (HIPEC)—A Systematic Review

Hellfritzsch, Maja; Henriksen, Jakob Nørgaard; Holt, Marianne Ingerslev; Grove, Erik Lerkevang:

Drug–Drug Interactions in the Treatment of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism with Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Historical Paper

Rodgers, R. P. Channing; Levin, Jack:

A Critical Reappraisal of the Bleeding Time

Historical Commentary

Undas, Anetta:

The Bleeding Time Test in 2024: A Glorious Past and Current Challenges

本刊为主题导向性综述期刊,关注与止血和血栓性疾病相关的所有问题。作为该领域的首要综述期刊之一, Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis是刊载临床和实验室诊断和治疗干预重要进展的综合性论坛。本刊也出版同行评审原创研究论文。

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis为当今的关键问题提供了广阔视角,包括血友病 A 和 B、血栓形成倾向、基因疗法、静脉和动脉血栓形成、血管性血友病、血管疾病和血栓栓塞性疾病。同时还关注药物的最新发展以及治疗和现行管理技术。本刊还经常出版赞助增刊,以进一步突出该领域的新兴趋势。